Communicate – James Albright

In other words, information is contained in amplitude variations. The AM process creates a carrier and a pair of duplicate sidebands — nearby frequencies above and below the carrier. AM is a relatively inefficient form of modulation, since the carrier must be continually generated. The majority of the power in an AM signal is consumed by the carrier that carries no information, with the rest going to the information-carrying sidebands. Source: Radio Communications, Chapter 1 You can think of the data as existing in the fat lobes of the signal whereas the center has no space for any data at all.

Shortwave radio enthusiasts can use either or both sidebands. In a more efficient technique, single sideband (SSB), the carrier and one of the sidebands are suppressed. Only the remaining sideband — upper (USB) or lower (LSB) — is transmitted. An SSB signal needs only half the bandwidth of an AM signal and is produced only when a modulating signal is present. Thus, SSB systems are more efficient both in the use of the spectrum, which must accommodate many users, and of transmitter power.

All the transmitted power goes into the information- carrying sideband. Source: Radio Communications, Chapter 1 In aviation we used to note our frequency as “Upper” or “Lower” to differentiate between the two. You would say, “transmitting 8060 upper,” for example. All aircraft HF communication, outside of the military, seems to have gravitated to the upper sideband so we no longer need to say it. (It is assumed.) Antennas My introduction to HF radios were on a KC-135A which had a wire antenna and a radio head with a limited number of crystals used for a limited number of possible frequencies.

From there I graduated to a Boeing 707 (EC-135J) with five HF antennas: two wire antennas stretching from two points on the vertical fin to two points on the upper fuselage, and three probe antennas facing forward from the tip of the vertical fin and each wingtip. The transceiver was capable of many more frequencies.

Thanks to the thousands of readers at Code7700.com for their part in this notebook through their many inputs. Thanks especially to my partners at the site, Steven Foltz and Ivan Luciani. Without them, this book would never have happened. Also by James Albright Aviate Equity Airlines International Operations Flight Lessons 1: Basic Flight Flight Lessons 2: Advanced Flight Flight Lessons 3: Experience Flight Lessons 4: Leadership Flight Lessons 5: People Fly By Wired Navigate The Brothers Bellum 1kitap1.com/en An Introduction to a Professional Aviator’s Notebook With the help of over 30,000 professional pilots visiting and commenting on the contents of www.code7700.com, I’ve amassed hundreds of procedures, techniques, and “hacks” to make flying easier and safer.

As I approach retirement, the question I keep getting asked is what will happen to this reservoir of knowledge? The answer is this series of books: 1. Aviate – a collection of procedures and techniques for keeping the airplane flying in the middle of the air, avoiding the edges of the air. The edges are defined as the ground, the ocean, obstacles, and extraterrestrial space.

2. Navigate – a collection of procedures and techniques for keeping the airplane headed to where it needs to be, flying from Point A to Point B. Point B doesn’t have to be the intended destination. Ideally it will be a suitable runway, but it could be someplace to set the airplane down so everyone on board can walk (or swim) away safely. 3. Communicate – a collection of procedures and techniques for letting everyone else know what you are doing and what you need and collecting information to help you do what you need to do.

4. Relate – a collection of procedures and techniques to make sure everyone is working together as a team, how to lead the team, and how to understand and preserve the physiology and psychology of everyone on the team. 5. International Ops – a capstone of the previous volumes, focusing on the procedures and techniques dealing with international operations. Each book is intended not only as a reference, but an introduction to the topic with a mixture of technical and practical explanations.

As reference, the topics are presented alphabetically, but you don’t need to start at the beginning, each chapter stands alone. The usual caveats and disclaimers Please note: Any aircraft mentioned in this book have no affiliation or connection whatsoever with this book, and the manufacturers do not review, endorse, or approve any of the content. As a result, they are not responsible or liable for your use of any materials or information obtained in this book.

This is a short excerpt from the opening of “” by Unknown, quoted for review and introduction purposes. All rights belong to the copyright holders.

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