Deterministic Learning Theory For Identification – Cong Wang

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The indirect ANC approach, on the other hand, uses NNs to identify the system nonlinearities f1(x1) and f2(x1, x2) (e.g., see [181]). For ANC of general nonlinear systems, it is nor- mally considered that the direct approach provides a better solution than the indirect approach [269]. However, the learning issue in both approaches, that is, accurate learning of either h(x, v) or fi(·) (i = 1, 2), has not previously been fully studied.

4.3.2 Direct ANC Design For the control of strict-feedback system (4.41), the direct ANC approach de- veloped in [65] is applicable. At each recursive step i (i = 1, 2), a desired feed- back control α∗ i is first shown to exist. Then, a stabilizing function αi (u = α2) is designed, where a localized RBF network is employed to approximate the unknown nonlinearity in α∗ i (i = 1, 2).

Define z1 = x1 −xd1. Its derivative is ˙z1 = f1(x1) + x2 −˙xd1. By viewing x2 as a virtual control input, it is clear that there exists a desired virtual control α∗ △= x2, α∗ 1 = −c1z1 −f1(x1) + ˙xd1 where c1 > 0 is a design constant.

Denote h1(Z1) △= f1(x1), where Z1 △= [x1]T ∈1 ⊂R. By employing an RBF neural network WT 1 S1(Z1) to approximate h1(Z1) in a compact set 1, we have h1(Z1) = W∗T 1 S1(Z1) + ϵ1, (4.43) where W∗ 1 denotes the ideal constant weights, and |ϵ1| ≤ϵ∗ 1 is the approxima- tionerrorwithconstantϵ∗ 1 > 0.Let W1 betheestimateof W∗ 1 and !

1 . Define z2 = x2 −α1 and let α1 = −c1z1 − 1 S1(Z1) + ˙xd1 (4.44) where W1 is updated by ˙ W1 = 1S1(Z1)z1 −σ11 (4.45) with 1 = T 1 > 0 and σ1 > 0 being a small constant. Then, the dynamics of z1 are governed by ˙z1 = f1(x1) + (z2 + α1) −˙xd1 = −c1z1 + z2 −!

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Deterministic Learning Theory for Identification, Recognition, and Control, Cong Wang and David J. Hill 33. Linear Control Theory: Structure, Robustness, and Optimization, Shankar P. Bhattacharyya, Aniruddha Datta, and Lee H. Keel v CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S.

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