Irans Military Forces And Capabilities – Anthony H Cordesman (1)

Many of its small boats and craft can also lay mines. Both the Iranian Navy and the naval branch of the IRGC are expanding their capability for mine warfare. While Iran has only a limited num- ber of specialized mine vessels, it can also use small craft, LSTs, Boghammers, heli- copters, and submarines to lay mines. As a result, it is impossible to determine how many ships Iran would employ to plant or lay mines in a given contingency, and some of its mines might be air dropped or laid by commercial vessels, including dhows.

Iran has a range of Soviet-, Western-, and Iranian-made moored and drifting con- tact mines, and U.S. experts estimate that Iran has at least 2,000 mines. Another source claims that Iran’s stockpiles amount to as many as 3,000 mines.30 Iran has sig- nificant stocks of anti-ship mines and has bought Chinese-made and North Korean– made versions of the Soviet mines. It has claimed to be making its own nonmagnetic, acoustic, free-floating, and remote-controlled mines and has had Chinese assistance in developing the production facilities for such mines.

It may have acquired signifi- cant stocks of nonmagnetic mines, influence mines, and mines with sophisticated timing devices from other countries.31 There also are reports that Iran has negotiated with China to buy the EM-52 or MN-52 rocket-propelled mine. The EM-52 is a mine that rests on the bottom of the sea until it senses a ship passing over it, and then it uses a rocket to hit the target.

Loch K. Johnson, Regents Professor of Public and International Affairs, School of Public and International Affairs, University of Georgia (U.S.A.) Paul Wilkinson, Professor of International Relations and Chairman of the Advisory Board, Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence, University of St. Andrews (U.K.) Members Anthony H. Cordesman, Arleigh A. Burke Chair in Strategy, Center for Strategic and International Studies (U.S.A.) The´re`se Delpech, Director of Strategic Affairs, Atomic Energy Commission, and Senior Research Fellow, CERI (Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques), Paris (France) Sir Michael Howard, former Chichele Professor of the History of War and Regis Pro- fessor of Modern History, Oxford University, and Robert A.

Lovett Professor of Mili- tary and Naval History, Yale University (U.K.) Lieutenant General Claudia J. Kennedy, USA (Ret.), former Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of the Army (U.S.A.) Paul M. Kennedy, J. Richardson Dilworth Professor of History and Director, International Security Studies, Yale University (U.S.A.) Robert J. O’Neill, former Chichele Professor of the History of War, All Souls Col- lege, Oxford University (Australia) Shibley Telhami, Anwar Sadat Chair for Peace and Development, Department of Government and Politics, University of Maryland (U.S.A.)

Fareed Zakaria, Editor, Newsweek International (U.S.A.) Iran’s Military Forces and Warfighting Capabilities The Threat in the Northern Gulf Anthony H. Cordesman and Martin Kleiber Published in cooperation with the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, D.C. PRAEGER SECURITY INTERNATIONAL Westport, Connecticut • London Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cordesman, Anthony H. Iran’s military forces and warfighting capabilities : the threat in the Northern Gulf / Anthony H. Cordesman and Martin Kleiber. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978–0–313–34612–5 (alk. paper) 1. Iran—Military policy. 2. National security—Iran.

3. Iran—Armed Forces. I. Kleiber, Martin. II. Title. UA853.I7C634 2007a 355´.033255—dc22 2007029599 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 2007 by Center for Strategic and International Studies All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2007029599 ISBN-13: 978–0–313–34612–5 First published in 2007 Praeger Security International, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.

www.praeger.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48–1984).

This is a short excerpt from the opening of “” by Unknown, quoted for review and introduction purposes. All rights belong to the copyright holders.

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