{"id":261358,"date":"2026-07-13T18:17:41","date_gmt":"2026-07-13T15:17:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/encyclopedia-of-data-science-john-wang\/"},"modified":"2026-07-13T18:17:41","modified_gmt":"2026-07-13T15:17:41","slug":"encyclopedia-of-data-science-john-wang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/encyclopedia-of-data-science-john-wang\/","title":{"rendered":"Encyclopedia Of Data Science &#8211; John Wang"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure style=\"text-align:center;margin:0 auto 1.5em;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/5ffac3b7937930ed.jpg\" alt=\" - Unknown book cover\" style=\"max-width:300px;width:100%;height:auto;box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.25);border-radius:4px;\"\/><\/figure>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Montclair State University, USA A volume in the Advances in Data Mining and Database Management (ADMDM) Book Series Book Series OceanofPDF.com Published in the United States of America by IGI Global (an imprint of IGI Global) 701 E. Chocolate Avenue Hershey PA 17033 Tel: 717-533-8845 Fax: 717-533-8661 E-mail: cust@igi-global.com Web site: http:\/\/www.igi- global.com\/reference Copyright \u00a9 2023 by IGI Global. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without written permission from the publisher.<\/p>\n<p>Product or company names used in this set are for identification purposes only. Inclusion of the names of the products or companies does not indicate a claim of ownership by IGI Global of the trademark or registered trademark. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Wang, John, 1955- editor. Title: Encyclopedia of data science and machine learning \/ John Wang, editor. Description: Hershey, PA : Engineering Science Reference, an imprint of IGI Global, [2023] | Includes bibliographical references and index.<\/p>\n<p>| Summary: &#8220;This book examines current, state-of-the-art research in the areas of data science, machine learning, data mining, optimization, artificial intelligence, statistics, and the interactions, linkages, and applications of knowledge-based business with information systems&#8221;&#8211; Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2021027689 (print) | LCCN 2021027690 (ebook) | ISBN 9781799892205 (h\/c) | ISBN 9781799892212 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Big data. | Data mining. | Machine learning.<\/p>\n<p>Classification: LCC QA76.9.B45 E54 2022 (print) | LCC QA76.9.B45 (ebook) | DDC 005.7&#8211;dc23 LC record available at https:\/\/lccn.loc.gov\/2021027689 LC ebook record available at https:\/\/lccn.loc.gov\/2021027690 This book is published under the IGI Global book series Advances in Data Mining and Database Management (ADMDM) (ISSN: 2327-1981 eISSN: 2327-199X) British Cataloguing in Publication Data A Cataloguing in Publication record for this book is available from the British Library.<\/p>\n<p>All work contributed to this book is new, previously-unpublished material. The views expressed in this book are those of the authors, but not necessarily of the publisher. OceanofPDF.com Editorial Advisory Board Xueqi Cheng, Chinese Academy of Science, China Verena Kantere, University of Ottawa, Canada Srikanta Patnaik, SOA University, India Hongming Wang, Harvard University, USA Yanchang Zhao, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia OceanofPDF.com Foreword Alexander Tuzhilin New York University, USA May 2022 There has been tremendous progress made in Data Science and Machine Learning over the last 10 \u2013 15 years, leading to the Data Science becoming the major driving force of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and a significant factor in the current cycle of economic expansion.<\/p>\n<p>The need for data scientists is growing exponentially and machine learning has become one of the \u201chottest\u201d professions in the labor market.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><em>This is a short excerpt from the opening of &ldquo;&rdquo; by Unknown, quoted for review and introduction purposes. All rights belong to the copyright holders.<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/encyclopedia-of-data-science-john-wang\/#Book_Information\" >Book Information<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/encyclopedia-of-data-science-john-wang\/#Reading_Word_Statistics\" >Reading &amp; Word Statistics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/encyclopedia-of-data-science-john-wang\/#Most_Frequent_Words\" >Most Frequent Words<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Book_Information\"><\/span>Book Information<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Unique ID:<\/strong> 5ffac3b7937930ed<\/li>\n<li><strong>File Extension:<\/strong> .pdf<\/li>\n<li><strong>File Size:<\/strong> 191,795,281 bytes (182.91 MB)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Title:<\/strong> &#8211;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Author:<\/strong> Unknown<\/li>\n<li><strong>ISBN:<\/strong> 9781799892205, 9781799892212, 9781599049519, 9789811636073, 9780857295040, 9783662461938<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pages:<\/strong> 6484<\/li>\n<li><strong>Language:<\/strong> English (en)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reading_Word_Statistics\"><\/span>Reading &amp; Word Statistics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Estimated Reading Time:<\/strong> 6438.57 minutes<\/li>\n<li><strong>Total Words:<\/strong> 1,287,715<\/li>\n<li><strong>Total Characters:<\/strong> 8,764,552<\/li>\n<li><strong>Average Words per Page:<\/strong> 198.6<\/li>\n<li><strong>Average Characters per Page:<\/strong> 1351.72<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Most_Frequent_Words\"><\/span>Most Frequent Words<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>data (13237), doi (5690), learning (4772), information (3244), research (3102), model (2989), systems (2781), used (2725), using (2604), management (2545), machine (2478), analysis (2386), based (2347), system (2324), also (2210), journal (2150), big (2091), process (2082), business (1949), knowledge (1850), new (1787), one (1774), technology (1760), use (1759), international (1736), science (1726), between (1656), models (1644), figure (1624), different (1616), methods (1600), time (1587), decision (1550), algorithm (1550), network (1545), algorithms (1527), social (1513), intelligence (1427), analytics (1345), approach (1344), online (1275), digital (1274), applications (1260), study (1250), two (1221), development (1220), method (1210), number (1206), set (1193), support (1168), performance (1166), table (1140), many (1114), artificial (1100), value (1095), results (1094), human (1083), university (1067), future (1051), review (1047), techniques (1011), features (1001), networks (989), processing (987), engineering (964), technologies (961), example (933), supply (907), problem (906), education (897), feature (892), mining (890), computer (870), prediction (867), classification (866), conference (864), application (854), tools (844), work (841), first (841), case (840), https (836), various (830), values (828), software (825), ieee (806), industry (801), well (800), user (798), important (794), however (793), health (790), applied (787), chain (785), authors (779), customer (764), level (764), large (755), variables (753), risk (752).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Montclair State University, USA A volume in the Advances in Data Mining and Database Management (ADMDM) Book Series Book Series OceanofPDF.com Published in the United States of America by IGI Global (an imprint of IGI Global) 701 E. Chocolate Avenue Hershey PA 17033 Tel: 717-533-8845 Fax: 717-533-8661 E-mail: cust@igi-global.com Web site: http:\/\/www.igi- global.com\/reference Copyright \u00a9 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":261357,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-261358","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-english"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/261358","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=261358"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/261358\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/261357"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=261358"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=261358"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=261358"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}