{"id":262921,"date":"2026-07-14T14:14:37","date_gmt":"2026-07-14T11:14:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/hind-swaraj-m-k-gandhi-dhananjay-rai-1\/"},"modified":"2026-07-14T14:14:37","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T11:14:37","slug":"hind-swaraj-m-k-gandhi-dhananjay-rai-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/1kitap1.com\/en\/hind-swaraj-m-k-gandhi-dhananjay-rai-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Hind Swaraj – M K Gandhi Dhananjay Rai (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Machinery 20. Conclusion Appendices Some Authorities Testimonies by Eminent Men OceanofPDF.com It is not without hesitation that the translation of \u201cHIND SWARAJ\u201d is submitted to the public.1 A European friend,2 with whom I discussed the contents, wanted to see a translation of it and, during our spare moments, I hurriedly dictated and he took it down. It is not a literal translation but it is a faithful rendering of the original.3 Several English friends have read it, and whilst opinions were being invited as to the advisability of publishing the work, news was received that the original was seized in India.<\/p>\n

This information hastened the decision to publish the translation without a moment\u2019s delay. My fellow-workers at the International Printing Press4 shared my view and, by working overtime\u2014a labour of love\u2014they have enabled me to place the translation before the public in an unexpectedly short time. The work is being given to the public at what is practically cost- price. But, without the financial assistance of the many Indians who promised to buy copies for themselves and for distribution, it might never have seen the light of day.<\/p>\n

I am quite aware of the many imperfections in the original. The English rendering, besides sharing these, must naturally exaggerate them, owing to my inability to convey the exact meaning of the original. Some of the friends who have read the translation have objected that the subject matter has been dealt with in the form of a dialogue. I have no answer to offer to this objection except that the Gujarati language readily lends itself to such treatment and that it is considered the best method of treating difficult subjects.<\/p>\n

Had I written for English readers in the first instance, the subject would have been handled in a different manner. Moreover, the dialogue, as it has been given, actually took place between several friends, mostly readers of INDIAN OPINION,5 and myself.<\/p>\n

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M.K. Gandhi was born in 1869 in Porbandar, India. He studied law in London and was admitted to the Inner Temple in 1891. He worked to improve the rights of immigrant Indians in South Africa and returned to India in 1915 to take up the struggle for independence from Britain. Gandhi never wavered in his belief in non-violent protests, and in 1947, he succeeded in uniting India with a national movement.<\/p>\n

In January 1948, Gandhi was assassinated as he walked to take part in his evening prayers. Dhananjay Rai teaches at the Department of Gandhian Thought and Peace Studies, Central University of Gujarat. Poorna Swaraj, Constructive Programme: Its Meaning and Place (2023) is his most recent work. OceanofPDF.com M. K. GANDHI Introduced with notes by DHANANJAY RAI HIND SWARAJ OceanofPDF.com CONTENTS Chronological Interlocutors Preface Introduction Hind Swaraj \/ Indian Home Rule Afterword Acknowledgements Notes References Follow Penguin Copyright OceanofPDF.com CHRONOLOGICAL INTERLOCUTORS 1600 Formation of the East India Company.<\/p>\n

1652 Dutch land occupancy in South Africa begins. 1757 The East India Company wins in the Battle of Plassey. 1764 The Battle of Baxur takes place. 1765 The Treaty of Allahabad is signed and the East India Company acquires Diwani Rights. 1795 The beginning of the control of land by England in South Africa. 1805 Giuseppe Mazzini (1805\u201372); Duties of Men (1862) as a follow-up reading in Hind Swarajya (1909)\/Indian Home Rule\/Hind Swaraj (1910) [hereafter \u201cas a follow-up reading\u201d].<\/p>\n

1817 Henry David Thoreau (1817\u201362); On the Duty of Civil Disobedience (1849) and Life Without Principle (1863) as follow-up readings. 1819 John Ruskin (1819\u20131900); Unto This Last (1862) and Joy for Ever: And Its Price in the Market) (1857) as follow-up readings. 1822 Henry Sumner Maine (1822\u201388); Village-Communities in the East and West (1871) as a follow-up reading. 1825 Dadabhai Naoroji (1825\u20131917): Poverty and Un-British Rule in India (1901) as a follow-up reading.<\/p>\n

1828 Leo Tolstoy (1828\u20131910); The Kingdom of God is Within You (1894), What is Art? (1904), The Slavery of Our Times (1900), The First Step: An Essay on the Morals of Diet (1891), How Shall We Escape (1898), A Letter to a Hindoo (1908) as follow-up readings. 1844 Edward Carpenter (1844\u20131929); Civilisation: Its Cause and Cure (1889) as a follow-up reading. 1848 Romesh Chunder Dutt (1848\u20131909); Economic History of India (1902 and 1904) as a follow-up reading.<\/p>\n

1849 Max Nordau (1849\u20131923); The Conventional Lies of Civilization (1883) and Paradox (1886) as follow-up readings. 1856 Annexation of Oudh. 1857 The Revolt of 1857; end of the Company Raj. 1858 The Government of India Act of 1858 marks the official start of the British Raj. 1859 Godfrey Blount (1859\u20131937); New Crusade: An Appeal (1903) as a follow-up reading. 1859 Authorization to let Indian indentured labourers into South Africa.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

This is a short excerpt from the opening of “” by Unknown, quoted for review and introduction purposes. All rights belong to the copyright holders.<\/em><\/p>\n

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