42 Rules For Sourcing And Manufacturing In China – Rosemary Coates

To produce a bra, a designer or engineer needs to understand how the structures, which are primarily fat, actually move and how to constrain that movement. And, of course, larger breasts move differently from smaller breasts. Sometimes this begins with studying breast movement with light emitting diodes and using cad-cam systems to model the options and solutions.

To minimize the momentum of breast movement, the bra straps can be constructed with varying widths. The elasticity and compression of fabric can also be varied. These days, bras are often molded, compressed, and shaped at the same time. Thanks to cylindrical hosiery machines, other bras can now be knit in circular patterns with differing amounts of stretch and support. Sometimes the design may also include wires (e.g., an underwire bra). Next, there are the back wings that are the fabric sections from the cups to the back.

These must be engineered with stability and flexibility so that the cups are properly held in place. Just a small difference in sewing or elasticity of fabric will make a huge difference in fit and performance. The materials used to manufacture bras must be tested for strength, flexibility, and comfort. For fashion apparel, the colors must match exactly. It is very difficult to precisely match colors, like blues or peaches or reds, in the different materials used in construction such as silk, elastic, straps, hooks, and sliders.

But in the end, bras that are designed and made well can retail for as much as US$80 each. OK, you get the picture. This is a tough engineering job with a lot of moving parts. Complex? Yes! Can the Chinese do it? Absolutely, complete with cad-cam design engineering, forming, shaping, and sophisticated sewing machinery, at a much lower cost than in the U.S.

Problem solved. And margins are excellent in a US$15 billion per year intimate-apparel industry. Then in 2003, along comes the Bush Administration with a cap on the growth of imports through special import tariffs on bras, robes, dressing gowns, and knit fabrics from China, intended to protect the U.S. garment industry. This resulted in price increases, because bra manufacturing had to move to other countries where production is more expensive.

On low-end bras, sold at retailers like Wal-Mart, the prices go up a few dollars and shoppers can’t afford the increases. Low-end bras made of cotton or polyester have a 16.9 percent tariff. The tariff rate is much lower on silk bras containing lace or embroidery at 4.9 percent.

For silk bras with no lace or embroidery, the tariff is 2.7 percent. This application of new tariffs on bras in particular was very odd since bras are no longer manufactured in the U.S.

Copyright © 2009 by Rosemary Coates All rights reserved. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. First Printing: November, 2009 Paperback ISBN: 978-1-60773-050-7 (1-60773-050-2) Place of Publication: Silicon Valley, California, USA Library of Congress Number: 2009938589 eBook ISBN: 978-1-60773-051-4 (1-60773-051-0) Trademarks All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized.

Super Star Press™ cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Warning and Disclaimer Every effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurate as possible, but no warranty of fitness is implied. The information provided is on an “as is” basis. The author, contributors, and publisher shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damages arising from the information contained in the book.

If you do not wish to be bound by the above, you may return this book to the publisher for a full refund. 1kitap1.com/en Praise for This Book! “Rosemary Coates’ “42 Rules” will help you navigate the shoals of doing business in China. Her practical and accessible advice ranges from the value of guanxi (networking) to the importance of using a virtual private network for communicating with your colleagues.

She realistically outlines the cross-cultural challenges of differing views on topics as diverse as wages, intellectual property protection, and subcontracting. It should prove a valuable introduction to anyone contemplating outsourcing to China.” Donald A. DePalma, PhD, Author of ‘Business Without Borders’ and Chief Research Officer at Common Sense Advisory, Inc. “As someone who has traveled internationally for decades, this book offers the ultimate antidote for faux paus.

Ms. Coates’ diligent research provides valuable guidance to anyone interested in doing business in China.”

This is a short excerpt from the opening of “” by Unknown, quoted for review and introduction purposes. All rights belong to the copyright holders.

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