Democracy For The Few 9th Edition – Parenti

First proposed in the mid-1980s, “Star Wars” is an outer-space missile program that supposedly would inter- cept and destroy all incoming warheads launched by other nations. Over the years the Pentagon has spent more than $120 billion unsuccessfully trying to create this “space shield,” and wants another $62 billion for the years 2010 to 2014.

If the “Star Wars” project ever does prove successful, it will make the nuclear arsenals of other nations obsolete and deprive them of any deterrence against U.S. nuclear missiles. This in turn will encourage them to spend more to update their own long-range attack systems.5 Also “Star Wars” is in viola- tion of the Outer Space Treaty, signed by ninety-one nations including the United States, which bans weapons of mass destruction in space. A chief of the U.S. Space Command enthused: “We’re going to fight from space and we’re going to fight into space.

We will engage terrestrial targets someday—ships, airplanes, land targets—from space.”6 The professed goal of the U.S. Space Command is to dominate “the space dimension of military operations to protect U.S. interests and investments.”7 The military already can beam powerful electromagnetic or pulsed radio-frequency radiation trans- missions back to earth (Project HAARP), seriously impairing the mental capac- ity of whole populations, causing “severe physiological disruption or perceptual disorientation” for an extended period, according to the air force.8 The arms procurement program run by the Department of Defense (DOD) is rife with fraud and profiteering.

The DOD’s own auditors admit the military cannot account for one-fourth of what it spends, over $100 billion a year. Such sums do not just evaporate; they find their way into somebody’s pockets. A secretary of defense during the Bush administration, Donald Rumsfeld, admitted that “according to some estimates we cannot track $2.3 trillion in transactions.”

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Locate your local office at international.cengage.com/region. Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd. For your course and learning solutions, visit www.cengage.com. Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store www.CengageBrain.com. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 13 12 11 10 To all those who struggle for peace, social justice, and real democracy. May their numbers continue to grow. Contents PREFACE ix ABOUT THE AUTHOR xii CHAPTER• 1 Partisan Politics 1 Beyond Textbooks 1 The Politico-Economic System 3 CHAPTER• 2 A Constitution for the Few 5 Class Power in Early America 5 Containing the Spread of Democracy 7 Fragmenting Majority Power 10 Plotters or Patriots?

12 Democratic Concessions 14 CHAPTER• 3 Rise of the Corporate State 17 The War Against Labor 17 Favors for Business 19 Pliable Progressives and Red Scares 21 The New Deal: Hard Times and Tough Reforms 23 iv CHAPTER• 4 Wealth and Want in the United States 27 Capital and Labor 27 Capital Concentration: Who Owns America?

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