Ethics History Theory And Contemporary Issues – Steven Cahn

O bosom! O fair cheeks, flaxen hair (v. 687). And the daughter’s tears will agitate him, and the father will turn away his face, but the hero must raise the knife. And when the news of it reaches the father’s house, the beautiful Greek maidens will blush with enthusiasm, and if the daughter was engaged, her betrothed will not be angry but will be proud to share in the father’s deed, for the girl belonged more tenderly to him than to the father. When the valiant judge who in the hour of need saved Israel binds God and himself in one breath by the same promise, he will heroically transform the young maiden’s jubilation, the beloved daughter’s joy to sorrow, and all Israel will sorrow with her over her virginal youth.

But every freeborn man will understand, every resolute woman will admire Jephthah, and every virgin in Israel will wish to behave as his daughter did, because what good would it be for Jephthah to win the victory by means of a promise if he did not keep it—would not the victory be taken away from the people again? When a son forgets his duty, when the state entrusts the sword of judgment to the father, when the laws demand punishment from the father’s hand, then the father must heroically forget that the guilty one is his son, he must nobly hide his agony, but no one in the nation, not even the son, will fail to admire the father, and every time the Roman laws are interpreted, it will be remembered that many interpreted them more learnedly but no one more magnificently than Brutus.

10. Immanuel Kant / 275 Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysk of Morals I 275 11. Jeremy Bentham / 318 An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (selections) I 319 12. John Stuart Mill / 343 Utilitarianism I 343 13- Soren Kierkegaard / 381 Fear and Trembling (Problema I & 11) I 382 14. Arthur Schopenhauer / 397 On the Sufferings of the World I 397 15. Friedrich Nietzsche / 404 Beyond Good and Evil (selections) / 405 On the Genealogy of Morals (selections) I 413 The Twilight of the Idols (selections) I 420 16.

William James / 423 The Moral Philosopher and the Moral Life I 423 17. John Dewey / 436 The Quest for Certainty (selections) I 436 18. Albert Camus / 452 The Myth of Sisyphus I 452 19. Jean-Paul Sartre / 459 Existentialism Is a Humanism I 460 II MODERN ETHICAL THEORY / 469 Introduction, by James Rachels / 469 20.

G. E. Moore / 479 Principia Ethica (selections) / 479 21. W. D. Ross / 486 The Right and The Good (selections) I 486 22. C. L. Stevenson / 496 The Emotive Meaning of Ethical Terms I 496 23. R. M. Hare / 508 Freedom and Reason (selections) I 508 , CONTENTS 24. Kurt Baier / 519 The Point of View of Morality I 519 25.

Gilbert Harman / 536 The Nature of Morality {selections) I 536 26. James Rachels / 548 The Challenge of Cultural Relativism I 548 27. Joel Feinberg / 557-Psychological Egoism I 557 28. Bernard Williams / 566 A Critique of Utilitarianism I 566 29. Richard B. Brandt / 584 Some Merits of One Form of Rule Utilitarianism I 584 30. Joel Feinberg / 603 The Nature and Value of Rights I 603 31. PhilippaFoot / 614 Morality as a System of Hypothetical Imperatives I 614 32. John Rawls / 621 A Theory of Justice (selections) I 621 33.

David Gauthier / 641 Why Contractarianism? / 641 34. Alasdair Maclntyre / 653 After Virtue (selections) I 653 35. James Rachels / 669 The Ethics of Virtue I 669 36. Virginia Held / 682 Feminist Transformations of Moral Theory I 682 37. J. O. Urmson / 699 Saints and Heroes I 699 38.

This is a short excerpt from the opening of “” by Unknown, quoted for review and introduction purposes. All rights belong to the copyright holders.

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